Isibonisi se-LCD sokudlulisa igesi esisodwa esingaguquki (4-20mARS485)

Isingeniso

AcronymsALA1 Alarm1 noma AlarmALA2 Alarm2 Alarm2 noma High AlarmCal CalibrationNum NumberSiyabonga ngokusebenzisa isithumeli sethu segesi esisodwa esingaguquki.Ukufunda leli bhukwana kungakuvumela ukuthi ubambe ngokushesha umsebenzi futhi usebenzise indlela yalo mkhiqizo.Sicela ufunde imanuwali ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokusebenza.

Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Omaka bomkhiqizo

Incazelo Yesistimu

Ukucushwa kwesistimu

Ithebula 1 lebhili lezinto zokwakha zokucushwa okujwayelekile kwesidlulisi segesi esisodwa esingaguquki

Ukucushwa okujwayelekile

Inombolo yomkhiqizo

Igama

Ukuphawula

1

Umthumeli wegesi

 

2

Incwadi yeziqondiso

 

3

Isitifiketi

 

4

Isilawuli kude

 

Sicela uhlole ukuthi izesekeli nezinto zokwakha ziphelele yini ngemva kokuqaqa.Ukucushwa okujwayelekile kuyisisetshenziswa esidingekayo sokuthenga okokusebenza.
1.2 Ipharamitha yesistimu
● Ubukhulu bebonke: 142mm × 178.5mm × 91mm
● Isisindo: mayelana ne-1.35Kg
● Uhlobo lwenzwa: uhlobo lwe-electrochemical (igesi evuthayo iwuhlobo lokusha olunamandla, olucaciswe ngenye indlela)
● Amagesi okubona: umoya-mpilo (O2), igesi evuthayo (Ex), amagesi anobuthi nayingozi (O3,CO, H2S, NH3, Cl2, njll.)
● Isikhathi sokuphendula: i-oxygen ≤ 30s;i-carbon monoxide ≤ 40s;igesi evuthayo ≤ 20s;(abanye bayeqiwe)
● Imodi yokusebenza: ukusebenza okuqhubekayo
● I-voltage yokusebenza: DC12V ~ 36V
● Isignali yokuphumayo: RS485-4-20ma (ilungiselelwe ngokwezidingo zekhasimende)
● Imodi yokubonisa: I-Graphic LCD , isiNgisi
● Imodi yokusebenza: ukhiye, isilawuli kude seso lefoni
● Isignali yokulawula: Iqembu elingu-1 lokukhishwa kwe-passive switch, umthwalo omkhulu ngu-250V AC 3a
● Imisebenzi eyengeziwe: ukubonisa isikhathi nekhalenda, kungagcina amarekhodi edatha angu-3000 +
● Ibanga lokushisa: – 20 ℃~ 50 ℃
● Ibanga lomswakamo: 15% ~ 90% (RH), elingajiki
● Inombolo yesitifiketi sobufakazi bokuqhuma: CE20.1671
● Uphawu lobufakazi bokuqhuma: I-Exd II CT6
● Imodi yocingo: I-RS485 iyisistimu yezintambo ezine, i-4-20mA iyizintambo ezintathu
● Intambo yokudlulisa: inqunywa ngendlela yokuxhumana, bheka ngezansi
● Ibanga lokudlulisela: ngaphansi kuka-1000m
● Izilinganiso zokulinganisa zamagesi avamile ziboniswa kuThebula 2 ngezansi

Ithebula 2Tulinganisa izigaba zamagesi avamile

Igesi

Igama likagesi

Inkomba yobuchwepheshe

Ibanga lokulinganisa

Isixazululo

Iphoyinti le-alamu

CO

I-carbon monoxide

0-1000pm

1 ppm

50ppm

H2S

I-Hydrogen sulfide

0-100ppm

1 ppm

10ppm

EX

Igesi evuthayo

0-100%LEL

1%LEL

25%LEL

O2

Umoya-mpilo

0-30%vol

0.1%vol

Phansi 18%vol

Iphezulu 23%vol

H2

I-hydrogen

0-1000pm

1 ppm

35ppm

CL2

I-Chlorine

0-20ppm

1 ppm

2 ppm

NO

I-nitric oxide

0-250pm

1 ppm

35ppm

SO2

Sulfur dioxide

0-20ppm

1 ppm

5 ppm

O3

I-ozone

0-5ppm

0.01ppm

1 ppm

NO2

I-nitrogen dioxide

0-20ppm

1 ppm

5 ppm

NH3

I-Amoniya

0-200ppm

1 ppm

35ppm

Qaphela: ithuluzi lingathola kuphela igesi eshiwo, futhi uhlobo nobubanzi begesi engalinganiswa izoba ngaphansi komkhiqizo wangempela.
Ubukhulu bangaphandle bensimbi buboniswa kuMfanekiso 1

Umfanekiso 1 ubukhulu bangaphandle bensimbi

Imiyalo yokufaka

2.1 Incazelo egxilile
Uhlobo olufakwe odongeni: dweba imbobo yokufaka odongeni, sebenzisa ibholidi yokwandisa engu-8mm × 100mm, lungisa ibhawodi lokunweba odongeni, faka isidluliseli, bese usilungisa ngamantongomane, i-elastic pad kanye nephedi eliyisicaba, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 2.
Ngemuva kokuthi isidlulisi sesilungisiwe, susa ikhava engaphezulu bese uhola ikhebula endaweni yokungena.Xhuma itheminali ngokuvumelana ne-polarity ephozithivu nenegethivu (Ukuxhumana kohlobo lwe-Ex kuboniswe kumdwebo) njengoba kukhonjisiwe emdwebeni wesakhiwo, bese ukhiya ilunga elingangeni manzi, bese uqinisa ikhava engaphezulu ngemva kokuba zonke izixhumanisi sezihloliwe ukuthi zilungile.
Qaphela: inzwa kufanele ibe phansi ngesikhathi sokufakwa.

Umfanekiso 2 wohlaka lobukhulu kanye nomdwebo wembobo yokufaka yesidluliseli

2.2 Imiyalo yezintambo
2.2.1 Imodi ye-RS485
(1) Amakhebuli azoba yi-rvvp2 * 1.0 nangaphezulu, izintambo ezimbili-core 2 noma i-rvvp4 * 1.0 nangaphezulu, kanye nocingo olulodwa lwe-4-core.
(2) Izintambo zisekela kuphela indlela yesandla esandleni.Umfanekiso wesi-3 ubonisa umdwebo wezintambo ophelele, futhi Umfanekiso 4 ubonisa umdwebo onemininingwane yezintambo zangaphakathi.

Umfanekiso 3 jikelele wemidwebo yezintambo

(1) Ngaphezu kwama-500m, kudingeka wengeze ophindayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho i-transmitter ixhunywe kakhulu, ukunikezwa kwamandla okushintshwa kufanele kwengezwe.
(2) Ingaxhunywa kukhabhinethi yokulawula ibhasi noma i-PLC, i-DCS, njll. Iphrothokholi yokuxhumana ye-Modbus iyadingeka ukuze kuxhunywe i-PLC noma i-DCS.
(3) Ngomshini wokuthumela isiphetho, vula iswishi yokuguqula ebomvu kusidluliseli siye lapho uya ngakhona.

Umfanekiso 4 uxhumano lwe-RS485 transmitter yebhasi

2.2.2 4-20mA imodi
(1) Ikhebuli izoba yi-RVVP3 * 1.0 nangaphezulu, intambo engu-3-core.

Umfanekiso 5 4-20mA uxhumano

Imiyalelo yokusebenza

Ithuluzi lingabonisa okungenani inkomba yenani legesi eyodwa.Uma inkomba yegesi ezotholwa iku-alamu, ukudluliselwa kuzovalwa.Uma kusetshenziswa isibani se-alamu yomsindo nesikhanyayo, i-alamu yomsindo neyokukhanya izothunyelwa.
Insimbi inezindawo ezintathu zokukhanya zomsindo kanye neswishi eyodwa ye-LCD.
Ithuluzi linomsebenzi wesitoreji sesikhathi sangempela, esingarekhoda isimo se-alamu nesikhathi ngesikhathi sangempela.Sicela ubheke imiyalelo elandelayo ukuze uthole ukusebenza okuqondile kanye nencazelo yomsebenzi.
3.1 Incazelo esemqoka
Insimbi inezinkinobho ezintathu, futhi imisebenzi ikhonjiswe kuThebula lesi-3
Ithebula 3 incazelo yokhiye

Ukhiye

Umsebenzi

Ukuphawula

KEY1

Ukukhetha imenyu Ukhiye wesokunxele

KEY2

Faka imenyu bese uqinisekisa inani lokusetha Ukhiye ophakathi

KEY3

Buka amapharamitha
Ukufinyelela kumsebenzi okhethiwe
Ukhiye wesokudla

Qaphela: eminye imisebenzi ingaphansi kwesibonisi esingezansi kwesikrini sensimbi.
Ingase futhi isetshenziswe ngesilawuli kude se-infrared.Umsebenzi obalulekile wesilawuli kude se-infrared uboniswa kuMfanekiso 6.

Umfanekiso 6 izincazelo zokhiye wesilawuli kude

3.2 Isibonisi esibonakalayo
Ngemva kokuthi ithuluzi livuliwe, faka isibonisi sokubonisa ebhuthini.Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 7:

Umdwebo 7 wesibonisi sokuqalisa

Lesi sixhumanisi siwukulinda amapharamitha wensimbi ukuthi azinze.Ibha yokuskrola emaphakathi ne-LCD ikhombisa isikhathi sokulinda, cishe ama-50s.I-X% ukuqhubeka kokusebenza kwamanje.Ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla lesibonisi isikhathi sensimbi yamanje (lokhu kungashintshwa njengoba kudingeka kumenyu).

Uma iphesenti lesikhathi sokulinda lingu-100%, ithuluzi lizofaka isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuqapha igesi.Thatha i-carbon monoxide njengesibonelo, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 8.

Umfanekiso 8 wokuqapha izibonisi zegesi

Uma udinga ukubuka imingcele yegesi, chofoza inkinobho yesokudla.
1) Ukubona isibonisi esibonakalayo:
Bonisa: uhlobo lwegesi, inani lokuhlushwa kwegesi, iyunithi, isimo.Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 8.
Uma igesi idlula okuhlosiwe, uhlobo lwe-alamu lweyunithi luzoboniswa ngaphambi kweyunithi (uhlobo lwe-alamu lwe-carbon monoxide, i-hydrogen sulfide negesi evuthayo yileveli 1 noma ileveli 2, kuyilapho uhlobo lwe-alamu lomoya-mpilo umkhawulo ophezulu noma ophansi), njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 9.

Isithombe 9 esibonakalayo esine-alamu yegesi

1) Ipharamitha yokubonisa isikhombimsebenzisi:
Kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokubona igesi, chofoza kwesokudla ukuze ufake isixhumi esibonakalayo sepharamitha yegesi.
Bonisa: uhlobo lwegesi, isimo se-alamu, isikhathi, inani le-alamu lezinga lokuqala (i-alamu yomkhawulo ophansi), inani le-alamu lezinga lesibili (i-alamu yomkhawulo ophezulu), ububanzi, inani lamanje lokugxiliswa kwegesi, iyunithi, indawo yegesi.
Uma ucindezela ukhiye (ukhiye wesokudla) ngaphansi kokuthi “buyisela”, isixhumi esibonakalayo sizoshintshela kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokutholwa kwegesi.

Umfanekiso we-10 we-carbon monoxide

3.3 Umyalelo wemenyu
Uma umsebenzisi edinga ukusetha amapharamitha, cindezela inkinobho ephakathi.
I-interface yemenyu enkulu iboniswa kuMfanekiso 11:

Umfanekiso 11 imenyu enkulu

Isithonjana ➢ isho umsebenzi okhethiwe njengamanje.Cindezela inkinobho engakwesokunxele ukuze ukhethe eminye imisebenzi, bese ucindezela inkinobho yesokudla ukuze ufake umsebenzi
Imisebenzi:
★ Isikhathi esimisiwe: Setha isikhathi sokusetha
★ Izilungiselelo zokuxhumana: Izinga le-baud yokuxhumana, ikheli ledivayisi
★ Isitolo se-alamu: Buka amarekhodi e-alamu
★ Setha idatha ye-alamu: Setha inani le-alamu, inani le-alamu yokuqala neyesibili
★ Ukulinganisa: Ukulinganisa kuka-Zero nokulinganiswa kwensimbi
★ Emuva: Buyela ku-interface yokubona igesi yokubonisa.

3.3.1 Ukuhlela isikhathi
Kusixhumi esibonakalayo semenyu enkulu, cindezela inkinobho engakwesokunxele ukuze ukhethe Izilungiselelo zohlelo, cindezela inkinobho yesokudla ukuze ufake uhlu lwezilungiselelo zohlelo, cindezela inkinobho kwesokunxele ukuze ukhethe Izilungiselelo, bese ucindezela inkinobho kwesokudla ukufaka isixhumi esibonakalayo sokusetha isikhathi, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku. Umfanekiso 12:

Umfanekiso we-12 isikhathi sokusetha

Isithonjana ➢ sisho isikhathi esikhethiwe esizolungiswa.Cindezela inkinobho yesokudla ukukhetha lolu hlelo, futhi inombolo ekhethiwe izovezwa njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 13. Bese ucindezela inkinobho yesokunxele ukushintsha idatha.Cindezela inkinobho yesokunxele ukuze ulungise eminye imisebenzi yesikhathi.

Umfanekiso 13 ubeka umsebenzi wonyaka

Imisebenzi:
★ Year Range kusukela 20 ~ 30
★ Ibanga Lenyanga kusuka ku-01~12
★ Day Range kusukela 01~31
★ Ibanga Lehora kusuka ku-00 ~ 23
★ Ibanga Leminithi ukusuka ku-00~59
★ Buyela Emuva ku-interface yemenyu enkulu

3.3.2 Izilungiselelo zokuxhumana
Imenyu yamasethingi okuxhumana ikhonjiswe kuMfanekiso 14 ukusetha imingcele ehlobene nokuxhumana

Umfanekiso 14 izilungiselelo zokuxhumana

Ibanga Lokusetha Ikheli: 1~200, ububanzi bamakheli asetshenziswa idivayisi yilena: ikheli lokuqala~ (ikheli lokuqala + ingqikithi yegesi -1)
Isilinganiso se-Baud Ibanga lokusetha: 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200. Okuzenzakalelayo: 9600, ngokuvamile asikho isidingo sokusetha.
I-Protocol Read only, non-standard and RTU, non-standard ukuxhuma ikhabhinethi yokulawula amabhasi yenkampani yethu njll. I-RTU iwukuxhuma i-PLC, i-DCS njll.

Njengoba kuboniswe ku-Figure 15, setha ikheli, cindezela inkinobho yesobunxele ukuze ukhethe i-set bit, cindezela inkinobho yesokudla ukuze uguqule inani, cindezela inkinobho ephakathi ukuze uqinisekise, isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqinisekisa siyavela, chofoza inkinobho yesobunxele ukuze uqinisekise.

Umfanekiso 15 ubeka ikheli

Njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 16, khetha izinga le-Baud olifunayo, cindezela inkinobho engakwesokudla ukuze uqinisekise, bese kuvela isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuqinisekisa kabusha.Chofoza inkinobho yesokunxele ukuze uqinisekise.

Umfanekiso 16 Khetha isilinganiso se-Baud

3.3.3 Ukugcinwa kwamarekhodi
Kusixhumi esibonakalayo semenyu enkulu, cindezela inkinobho yesokunxele ukuze ukhethe into yokusebenza "yokugcina irekhodi", bese ucindezela inkinobho engakwesokudla ukuze ufake imenyu yokugcina irekhodi, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 17.
Isamba sesitoreji: isamba senani lamarekhodi e-alamu angagcinwa ithuluzi.
Inombolo yokubhala ngaphezulu: Uma inani ledatha egcinwe kudivayisi likhulu kunenani eliphelele lesitoreji, lizosulwa kusukela kucezu lokuqala lwedatha.
Inombolo ye-serial yamanje: inombolo yedatha egcinwe okwamanje.Umfanekiso 20 ubonisa ukuthi ilondolozwe kuNombolo 326.
Okokuqala bonisa irekhodi lakamuva, cindezela inkinobho kwesokunxele ukuze ubuke irekhodi elilandelayo, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso18, bese ucindezela inkinobho yesokudla ukuze ubuyele kumenyu enkulu.

Inombolo ye-17 yamarekhodi agciniwe

Umfanekiso 18Qopha imininingwane

3.3.4 Ukusetha i-alamu
Ngaphansi kwesixhumi esibonakalayo semenyu enkulu, cindezela inkinobho yesokunxele ukuze ukhethe umsebenzi othi “Ukusetha i-alamu”, bese ucindezela inkinobho engakwesokudla ukuze ufake isixhumi esibonakalayo sokukhetha isethi ye-alamu, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 22. Cindezela inkinobho engakwesokunxele ukuze ukhethe uhlobo lwegesi ozolukhetha. setha inani le-alamu, bese ucindezela inkinobho engakwesokudla ukuze ufake isixhumi esibonakalayo senani le-alamu yegesi.Masithathe i-carbon monoxide.

Umfanekiso 19 khetha igesi yokusetha i-alamu

Umfanekiso 20 ukulungiselelwa kwenani le-alamu ye-carbon monoxide

Esibonakalayo esingu-23, cindezela ukhiye wesokunxele ukuze ukhethe inani le-alamu le-carbon monoxide “level I”, bese uchofoza kwesokudla ukuze ufake imenyu Yezilungiselelo, njengoba kuboniswe emfanekisweni 24, ngalesi sikhathi cindezela inkinobho yesokunxele shintsha izingcezu zedatha, chofoza kwesokudla inani lokucwayiza kanye nokuhlanganisa. eyodwa, ngokusebenzisa izinkinobho kwesokunxele nesokudla ukusetha inani elidingekayo, ukusetha kuqediwe, cindezela inkinobho ephakathi ukufaka inani le-alamu eliqinisekisiwe isikhombimsebenzisi sezinombolo, cindezela ukhiye wesokunxele ukuze uqinisekise ngalesi sikhathi, uma isilungiselelo siyimpumelelo, sizobonisa " ukubeka impumelelo” maphakathi nemigqa endaweni ephansi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho thiphu “ukwehluleka kokusetha”, njengoba kuboniswe emfanekisweni 25.
Qaphela: Isethi yenani le-alamu kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwevelu yasembonini (umkhawulo ophansi komoyampilo kufanele ube mkhulu kunevelu yasembonini), ngaphandle kwalokho ukulungiselelwa kuzohluleka.

Umfanekiso 21 uhlela inani le-alamu

Umfanekiso 22 ophumelelayo wokusetha isixhumi esibonakalayo

3.3.5 Ukulinganisa
Qaphela: 1. Ukulungiswa kweqanda kungenziwa ngemva kokuqala ithuluzi nokuqeda ukuqalisa.
2. Umoya-mpilo ungangena kumenyu "Yokulinganiswa Kwegesi" ngaphansi kokucindezela okujwayelekile komkhathi.Inani lokubonisa lokulinganiswa ngu-20.9%vol.Ungayenzi imisebenzi yokulungisa iqanda emoyeni.
Ukulungiswa kweqanda
Isinyathelo 1: Kusixhumi esibonakalayo semenyu enkulu, cindezela inkinobho kwesokunxele ukuze ukhethe umsebenzi "Ukulinganisa Kwedivayisi", bese ucindezela inkinobho kwesokudla ukuze ufake imenyu yephasiwedi yokulinganisa okokufaka, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 23. Ngokusho kwesithonjana ekugcineni umugqa wesixhumi esibonakalayo, cindezela inkinobho kwesokunxele ukuze ushintshe kancane idatha, cindezela inkinobho kwesokudla ukwengeza u-1 enani lamanje lebhithi elikhanyayo, faka iphasiwedi 111111 ngokuhlanganiswa kwalezi zinkinobho ezimbili, bese ucindezela inkinobho ephakathi ukushintshela ku- ukulinganisa nokukhetha interface, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 24.

Inombolo 23 yokufaka iphasiwedi

Umfanekiso 24 khetha uhlobo lokulungisa

Isinyathelo sesi-2: cindezela inkinobho yesokunxele ukuze ukhethe umsebenzi wokulungisa uziro, bese ucindezela inkinobho yesokudla ukuze ufake imenyu yokulinganisa uziro, ngenkinobho engakwesokunxele ukuze ukhethe uhlobo lwegesi njengoba kukhonjisiwe kumfanekiso 25, bese ucindezela inkinobho kwesokudla ukuze ufake igesi ekhethiwe iqanda ukuhlanza. imenyu, thola igesi yamanje 0 PPM, cindezela inkinobho kwesokunxele ukuze uqinisekise, ngemva kwempumelelo yokulinganisa phakathi kwephansi kwesikrini izobonisa impumelelo, ngaphandle kwalokho bonisa ukwehluleka kokulinganisa, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kumfanekiso 26.

Umfanekiso 25 ukukhethwa kohlobo lwegesi lokulungiswa kweqanda

Umfanekiso 26 uqinisekisa ngokucacile

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Cindezela inkinobho engakwesokudla ukuze ubuyele kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokukhetha uhlobo lwegesi ngemva kokuqedwa kokulungiswa kweqanda.Ngalesi sikhathi, ungakhetha olunye uhlobo lwegesi ukuze ulungise uziro.Indlela iyafana nale engenhla.Ngemva kokususa iqanda, cindezela imenyu uze ubuyele kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokubona igesi, noma uphume ngokuzenzakalelayo kumenyu bese ubuyela kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokuthola igesi ngemva kokuba kungabikho ukucindezela inkinobho okwehliswe ku-0 kusixhumi esibonakalayo esibala ukwehla.

Ukulinganiswa kwegesi
Isinyathelo 1: Vula igesi yokulinganisa.Ngemuva kokuthi inani legesi elibonisiwe lizinzile, faka imenyu enkulu bese ukhetha imenyu yokukhetha ukulinganisa.Indlela ethile yokusebenza iyisinyathelo soku-1 sokulinganiswa kweziro.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Khetha into yokusebenza Ukulinganiswa Kwegesi, cindezela inkinobho engakwesokudla ukuze ufake isixhumi esibonakalayo sokukhetha igesi yokulinganisa, indlela yokukhetha igesi iyafana nendlela yokukhetha ukulinganisa u-zero, ngemva kokukhetha uhlobo lwegesi oluzolinganiswa, cindezela inkinobho engakwesokudla ukuze faka isixhumi esibonakalayo sokusetha inani lokulinganisa igesi ekhethiwe, Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 27, bese usebenzisa izinkinobho kwesokunxele nesokudla ukuze usethe inani lokuhlushwa legesi yokulinganisa.Uma sicabanga ukuthi ukulinganisa manje sekuyigesi ye-carbon monoxide, inani lokuhlushwa legesi yokulinganisa ngu-500ppm, bese likusethela ku-'0500′.Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 28.

Umfanekiso 27 wokukhetha uhlobo lwegesi lokulungisa

Umfanekiso 28 ubeka inani lokuhlushwa legesi evamile

Isinyathelo sesi-3: setha ngemva kokugxiliswa kwegesi, cindezela inkinobho ephakathi, kusixhumi esibonakalayo esixhunywe esibonakalayo sokulinganisa igesi, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 29, isixhumi esibonakalayo sinenani okuyisilinganiso samanje segesi esibonayo, lapho isikhombimsebenzisi sibala sifika ku-10, ingacindezela inkinobho yesokunxele ekulinganiseni okwenziwa ngesandla, ukulinganisa okuzenzakalelayo kwegesi ngemva kwesekhondi elingu-10, ngemva kokubonisa impumelelo yokusetshenziswa kubonwa kwe-XXXX, ngaphandle kwalokho ukubonisa ukulinganisa kwe-XXXX kwehlulekile, Ifomethi yokubonisa iboniswa kuMfanekiso 30.'I-XXXX 'ibhekisela ohlotsheni lwegesi elilinganiselwe.

Umfanekiso 29 ukulinganiswa kwegesi

Umfanekiso 30 wemiphumela yokulinganisa

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Ngemva kokuba ukulinganisa kuphumelele, uma inani elibonisiwe legesi lingazinzile, ungaphinda ukulinganisa.Uma ukulinganisa kwehluleka, sicela uhlole ukuthi ukugxiliswa kwegesi evamile kuyahambisana yini nenani lokusetha ukulinganisa.Ngemuva kokuthi ukulinganisa kwegesi kuqediwe, cindezela inkinobho engakwesokudla ukuze ubuyele kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokukhetha uhlobo lwegesi ukuze ulinganise amanye amagesi.
Isinyathelo sesi-5: Ngemva kokuba konke ukulinganisa kwegesi sekuqediwe, cindezela imenyu uze ubuyele esixhumi esibonakalayo sokubona igesi, noma uphume ngokuzenzakalelayo kumenyu bese ubuyela kusixhumi esibonakalayo sokubona igesi ngemva kokuba isixhumi esibonakalayo sokubala wehla siye ku-0 ngaphandle kokucindezela noma iyiphi inkinobho.

3.3.6 Buyela
Kusixhumi esibonakalayo semenyu enkulu, cindezela inkinobho kwesokunxele ukuze ukhethe umsebenzi 'Buyisa', bese ucindezela inkinobho engakwesokudla ukuze ubuyele kumenyu yangaphambilini.

Ukunaka

1. Gwema ukusebenzisa insimbi endaweni ebolayo
2. Qiniseka ukuthi ugwema ukuthintana phakathi kwensimbi namanzi.
3. Ungaxhumi ngogesi.
4. Hlanza njalo isihlungi senzwa ukuze ugweme ukuvaleka kwesihlungi futhi ungakwazi ukubona igesi ngokujwayelekile.


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