Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) belongs to the class Moleiophora, Mycoplasma genus, and is one of the common pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children and adults. The detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae is crucial for the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia, and laboratory detection methods include pathogen culture, antigen detection, antibody detection and nucleic acid detection. The culture of mycoplasma pneumoniae is difficult and requires special culture medium and culture technology, which takes a long time, but it has the advantage of high specificity. Serum-specific antibody detection is currently an important method to assist in the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.